深度文章｜区块链与电力交易融合需要研究啥？

4 结语

区块链技术能够为能源互联网中的多方协作场景建立信任，同时兼顾可追溯、公开透明、信息共享、防止单点故障等价值。区块链技术和集中式交易技术体系难以相互替代，将二者结合能够为电力市场提供更加全面和更低成本的技术支持，在未来的电力交易中发挥更大的作用。通过对区块链技术在中国电力交易相关领域的工程应用情况介绍，并结合区块链的特点和电力市场发展趋势，提出了区块链技术在电力批发市场、电力零售市场、分布式发电市场化交易、电力衍生品交易、源荷互动电力交易、市场主体信用评价等业务中的深化应用模式和应用方法，分析了实际应用中的业务需求、困难和应对方案。为区块链技术进一步的落地应用提供了有益的指导和参考。

参 考 文 献

1

周孝信,曾嵘,高峰,等.能源互联网的发展现状与展望[J].中国科学:信息科学,2017,47(2):149-170.[百度学术]

ZHOU Xiaoxin,ZENG Rong,GAO Feng,et al.Development status and prospects of the energy internet[J].Scientia Sinica: Informationis,2017,47(2):149-170.[百度学术]

2

董朝阳,赵俊华,文福拴,等.从智能电网到能源互联网:基本概念与研究框架[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(15):1-11.[百度学术]

DONG Zhaoyang,ZHAO Junhua,WEN Fushuan,et al.From smart grid to Energy Internet: basic concept and research framework[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(15):1-11.[百度学术]

3

杨方,白翠粉,张义斌.能源互联网的价值与实现架构研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3495-3502.[百度学术]

YANG Fang,BAI Cuifen,ZHANG Yibin.Research on the value and implementation framework of energy internet[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(14):3495-3502.[百度学术]

4

袁勇,王飞跃.区块链技术发展现状与展望[J].自动化学报,2016,42(4):481-494.[百度学术]

YUAN Yong,WANG Feiyue.Blockchain: the state of the art and future trends[J].Acta Automatica Sinica,2016,42(4):481-494.[百度学术]

5

王胜寒,郭创新,冯斌,等.区块链技术在电力系统中的应用：前景与思路[J].电力系统自动化,2020,44(11):10-24.[百度学术]

WANG Shenghan,GUO Chuangxin,FENG Bin,et al.Application of blockchain technology in power systems: prospects and ideas[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2020,44(11):10-24.[百度学术]

6

张宁,王毅,康重庆,等.能源互联网中的区块链技术:研究框架与典型应用初探[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(15):4011-4023.[百度学术]

ZHANG Ning,WANG Yi,KANG Chongqing,et al.Blockchain technique in the energy internet: preliminary research framework and typical applications[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(15):4011-4023.[百度学术]

7

杨德昌,赵肖余,徐梓潇,等.区块链在能源互联网中应用现状分析和前景展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(13):3664-3671.[百度学术]

YANG Dechang,ZHAO Xiaoyu,XU Zixiao,et al.Developing status and prospects analysis of blockchain in energy internet[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(13):3664-3671.[百度学术]

8

颜拥,赵俊华,文福拴,等.能源系统中的区块链：概念、应用与展望[J].电力建设,2017,38(2):12-20.[百度学术]

YAN Yong,ZHAO Junhua,WEN Fushuan,et al.Blockchain in energy systems: concept, application and prospect[J].Electric Power Construction,2017,38(2):12-20.[百度学术]

9

周洪益,钱苇航,柏晶晶,等.能源区块链的典型应用场景分析及项目实践[J].电力建设,2020,41(2):11-20.[百度学术]

ZHOU Hongyi,QIAN Weihang,BAI Jingjing,et al.Typical application scenarios and project review of energy blockchain[J].Electric Power Construction,2020,41(2):11-20.[百度学术]

10

赵曰浩,彭克,徐丙垠,等.能源区块链应用工程现状与展望[J].电力系统自动化,2019,43(7):14-24.[百度学术]

ZHAO Yuehao,PENG Ke,XU Bingyin,et al.Status and prospect of pilot project of energy blockchain[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2019,43(7):14-24.[百度学术]

11

JUHAR A，KHALED S.Peer to peer distributed energy trading in smart grids: a survey[J].Energies,2018,11(6):1560-1581.[百度学术]

12

龚钢军,张桐,魏沛芳,等.基于区块链的能源互联网智能交易与协同调度体系研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2019,39(5):1278-1289.[百度学术]

GONG Gangjun,ZHANG Tong,WEI Peifang,et al.Research on intelligent trading and cooperative scheduling system of energy internet based on blockchain[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2019,39(5):1278-1289.[百度学术]

13

李彬,覃秋悦,祁兵,等.基于区块链的分布式能源交易方案设计综述[J].电网技术,2019,43(3):961-972.[百度学术]

LI Bin,QIN Qiuyue,QI Bing,et al.Design of distributed energy trading scheme based on blockchain[J].Power System Technology,2019,43(3):961-972.[百度学术]

14

平健,严正,陈思捷,等.基于区块链的分布式能源交易市场信用风险管理方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2019,39(24):7137-7145.[百度学术]

PING Jian,YAN Zheng,CHEN Sijie,et al.Credit risk management in distributed energy resource transactions based on blockchain[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2019,39(24):7137-7145.[百度学术]

15

王蓓蓓,李雅超,赵盛楠,等.基于区块链的分布式能源交易关键技术[J].电力系统自动化,2019,43(14):53-64.[百度学术]

WANG Beibei,LI Yachao,ZHAO Shengnan,et al.Key technologies on blockchain based on distributed energy transaction[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2019,43(14):53-64.[百度学术]

16

沈巍,王丹.基于区块链的分布式能源市场化交易架构及应用机制[J].华北电力大学学报(社会科学版),2019(2):28-38.[百度学术]

SHEN Wei,WANG Dan.Distributed energy market trading architecture and application mechanism based on blockchain[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University (Social Sciences),2019(2):28-38.[百度学术]

17

韩冬,张程正浩,孙伟卿,等.基于区块链技术的智能配售电交易平台架构设计[J].电力系统自动化,2019,43(7):89-96.[百度学术]

HAN Dong,ZHANG Chengzhenghao,SUN Weiqing,et al.Framework design of smart distribution trading platform based on blockchain technology[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2019,43(7):89-96.[百度学术]

18

LUO F,DONG Z,LIANG G,et al.A distributed electricity trading system in active distribution networks based on multi-agent coalition and blockchain[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2019,34(5):4097-4108.[百度学术]

19

高春成,翟莹莹,王春艳,等.售电侧放开的电力交易中的智能合约应用[J].控制工程,2018,25(12):2275-2278.[百度学术]

GAO Chuncheng,ZHAI Yingying,WANG Chunyan,et al.Power trade after power sales market liberalization based on smart contract[J].Control Engineering of China,2018,25(12):2275-2278.[百度学术]

20

武赓,曾博,李冉,等.区块链技术在综合需求侧响应资源交易中的应用模式研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(13):3717-3728.[百度学术]

WU Geng,ZENG Bo,LI Ran,et al.Research on the application of blockchain in the integrated demand response resource transaction[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(13):3717-3728.[百度学术]

21

龚钢军,王慧娟,张桐,等.基于区块链的电力现货交易市场研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(23):6955-6966.[百度学术]

GONG Gangjun,WANG Huijuan,ZHANG Tong,et al.Research on electricity market about spot trading based on blockchain[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(23):6955-6966.[百度学术]

22

陈思远,白昱阳,张俊,等.基于区块链和通证经济的跨国跨洲电力市场机制设计[J].智能科学与技术学报,2019,1(1):96-105.[百度学术]

CHEN Siyuan,BAI Yuyang,ZHANG Jun,et al.Design of transactional and international electricity market with blockchain and token economics[J].Chinese Journal of Intelligent Science and Technology,2019,1(1):96-105.[百度学术]

23

祁兵,夏琰,李彬,等.基于区块链激励机制的光伏交易机制设计[J].电力系统自动化,2019,43(9):132-139.[百度学术]

QI Bing,XIA Yan,LI Bin,et al.Photovoltaic trading mechanism design based on blockchain-based incentive mechanism[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2019,43(9):132-139.[百度学术]

24

邰雪,孙宏斌,郭庆来.能源互联网中基于区块链的电力交易和阻塞管理方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3630-3638.[百度学术]

TAI Xue,SUN Hongbin,GUO Qinglai.Electricity transactions and congestion management based on blockchain in energy internet[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3630-3638.[百度学术]

25

吴银海,黄妍,秦浩,等.区块链技术在碳交易市场中的应用设想[J].产业经济,2019(6):99-100.[百度学术]

WU Yinhai,HUANG Yan,QIN Hao,et al.Application of blockchain technology in carbon trading market[J].Industrial Economy,2019(6):99-100.[百度学术]

26

李彬,曹望璋,张洁,等.基于异构区块链的多能系统交易体系及关键技术[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):183-193.[百度学术]

LI Bin,CAO Wangzhang,ZHANG Jie,et al.Transaction system and key technologies of multi-energy system based on heterogeneous blockchain[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(4):183-193.[百度学术]

27

陈启鑫,王克道,陈思捷,等.面向分布式主体的可交易能源系统：体系架构、机制设计与关键技术[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(3):1-7.[百度学术]

CHEN Qixin,WANG Kedao,CHEN Sijie,et al.Transactive energy system for distributed agents: architecture, mechanism design and key technologies[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(3):1-7.[百度学术]

28

杨明通,周步祥,董申,等.区块链支持下的微网电力市场设计及调度优化[J].电力自动化设备,2019,39(12):155-161.[百度学术]

YANG Mingtong,ZHOU Buxiang,DONG Shen,et al.Design and dispatch optimization of microgrid electricity market supported by blockchain[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2019,39(12):155-161.[百度学术]

29

MOEIN S，JIN W.Towards resilient networked microgrids: blockchain-enabled peer-to-peer electricity trading mechanism[C]//2017 IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System,November26-28,2017, Beijing, China.[百度学术]

30

LO3Energy.Strengthening a community through affordable renewable energy options[EB/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://lo3energy.com/innovations/.[百度学术]

31

Coin Wire.Conjoule introduces solar power-sharing via blockchain[EB/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://www.coinwire.com/conjoule-introduces-solar-power-sharing-via-blockchain.[百度学术]

32

The Sun Exchange.Sun exchange solar projects[EB/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://thesunexchange.com/project.[百度学术]

33

国家发展和改革委员会,国家能源局.关于开展分布式发电市场化交易试点的通知[EB/OL].[2020-04-17].http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/auto87/201711/t20171113_3055.htm.[百度学术]

National Development and Reform Commission,National Energy Administration.Notice on launching pilot market-oriented transaction of distributed generation resources[EB/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/auto87/201711/t20171113_3055.htm.[百度学术]

34

能源区块链应用项目落地蛇口,推动清洁能源互联共享[EB/OL].[2020-04-17].http://www.sohu.com/a/224660758_267106.[百度学术]

The application project of energy blockchain is implemented in Shekou to promote clean energy interconnection and sharing[EB/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://www.sohu.com/a/224660758_267106.[百度学术]

35

金松,伏跃红,江河.未来能源互联网中的能源金融创新模式探析[J].环境保护,2019(19):42-43.[百度学术]

JIN Song,FU Yuehong,JIANG He.Research on the innovation mode of energy finance in the future energy internet[J].Environmental Protection,2019(19):42-43.[百度学术]

36

BTL Group.A first-mover in blockchain technology[EB/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://seekingalpha.com/article/4129251-btl-group-first-mover-in-blockchain-technology.[百度学术]

37

Ondiflo.Blockchain technology improves oil and gas operations[EB/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://www.ondiflo.com/blockchain.[百度学术]

38

蔡元纪,顾宇轩,罗钢,等.基于区块链的绿色证书交易平台：概念与实践[J/OL].电力系统自动化[2020-05-25].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1180.TP.20200523.1508.010.html.[百度学术]

CAI Yuanji,GU Yuxuan,LUO Gang,et al.Trading platform of green power certificate based on block chain: concept and practice[J/OL].Automation of Electric Power Systems[2020-05-25].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1180.TP.20200523.1508.010.html.[百度学术]

39

能链科技.区块链如何帮助新能源金融[EB/OL].[2020-04-17].http://www.nenglian.com/news/details/id/2065.[百度学术]

Nenglian Tech Ltd.How blockchain helps new energy finance [EB/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://www.nenglian.com/news/details/id/2065.[百度学术]

40

浙江电力公司探索建设区块链平台[EB/OL].[2020-04-17].http://www.chinapower.com.cn/dwzhxw/20170919/91273.html.[百度学术]

Zhejiang Electric Power Company explores the construction of blockchain platform[EB/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://www.nenglian.com/news/details/id/2065.[百度学术]

41

陈思捷,王浩然,严正,等.区块链价值思辨：应用方向与边界[J].中国电机工程学报,2020,40(7):2123-2132.[百度学术]

CHEN Sijie,WANG Haoran,YAN Zheng,et al.Rethinking the value of blockchain: direction and boundary of blockchain applications[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2020,40(7):2123-2132.[百度学术]

42

中国区块链技术和产业发展论坛.中国区块链技术和应用发展研究报告(2018年)[R/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://www.199it.com/archives/811342.html.[百度学术]

China Blockchain Technology and Industry Development Forum.China blockchain technology and application development research report (2018)[R/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://www.199it.com/archives/811342.html.[百度学术]

43

国家发展和改革委员会，国家能源局.售电公司准入与退出管理办法[EB/OL].[2020-04-17].http://www.nea.gov.cn/2016-10/11/c_135746081.htm.[百度学术]

National Development and Reform Commission,National Energy Administration.Administrative measures for access and exit of electricity selling companies[EB/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://www.nea.gov.cn/2016-10/11/c_135746081.htm.[百度学术]

44

WAN Z,DENG R,LEE D.Electronic contract signing without using trusted third party[M].New York:Springer,2015.[百度学术]

45

KANG J,YU R,HUANG X,et al.Enabling localized peer-to-peer electricity trading among plug-in hybrid electric vehicles using consortium blockchains[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2017,13(6):3154-3164.[百度学术]

46

国家发展和改革委员会,国家能源局.关于建立健全可再生能源电力消纳保障机制的通知[EB/OL].[2020-07-20].http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/auto87/201905/t20190515_3662.htm.[百度学术]

National Development and Reform Commission,National Energy Administration.Notice on the establishment and improvement of renewable energy electricity accommodation guarantee mechanism[EB/OL]. [2020-07-20].http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/auto87/201905/t20190515_3662.htm.[百度学术]

47

张显,谢开,张圣楠,等.基于区块链的可再生能源超额消纳量交易体系[J/OL].中国电力[2020-05-15].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3265.TM.20200515.0934.002.html.[百度学术]

ZHANG Xian,XIE Kai,ZHANG Shengnan,et al.Excessive consumption trading system for the accommodation of renewable energies based on blockchain[J/OL].Electric Power[2020-05-15].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3265.TM.20200515.0934.002.html.[百度学术]

48

孙宇军,王岩,王蓓蓓,等.考虑需求响应不确定性的多时间尺度源荷互动决策方法[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(2):106-113.[百度学术]

SUN Yujun,WANG Yan,WANG Beibei,et al.Multi-time scale decision method for source-load interaction considering demand response uncertainty[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(2):106-113.[百度学术]

49

邵炜晖,许维胜,徐志宇,等.基于区块链的虚拟电厂模型研究[J].计算机科学,2018,45(2):25-31.[百度学术]

SHAO Weihui,XU Weisheng,XU Zhiyu,et al.Study on virtual power plant model based on blockchain[J].Computer Science,2018,45(2):25-31.[百度学术]

50

王浩然,陈思捷,严正,等.基于区块链的电动汽车充电站充电权交易：机制、模型和方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2020,40(2):425-435.[百度学术]

WANG Haoran,CHEN Sijie,YAN Zheng,et al.Blockchain-enabled ging right trading among EV ging stations: mechanism, model and method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2020,40(2):425-435.[百度学术]

51

WANG S,ZHANG Y,ZHANG Y.A blockchain-based framework for data sharing with fine-grained access control in decentralized storage systems[J].IEEE Access,2018,6:38437-38450.[百度学术]

52

王千阁,何蒲,聂铁铮,等.区块链系统的数据存储与查询技术综述[J].计算机科学,2018,45(12):12-18.[百度学术]

WANG Qiange,HE Pu,NIE Tiezheng,et al.Survey of data storage and query techniques in blockchain systems[J].Computer Science,2018,45(12):12-18.[百度学术]

53

LIU C,RANJAN R,YANG C,et al.MuR-DPA: top-down levelled multi-replica Merkle Hash tree based secure public auditing for dynamic big data storage on cloud[J].IEEE Transactions on Computers,2015,64(9):2609-2622.[百度学术]

54

丁伟,王国成,许爱东,等.能源区块链的关键技术及信息安全问题研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(4):1026-1034.[百度学术]

DING Wei,WANG Guocheng,XU Aidong,et al.Research on key technologies and information security issues of energy blockchain[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(4):1026-1034.[百度学术]

55

埃森哲.区块链与能源互联网的碰撞[EB/OL].[2020-04-17].https://www.accenture.com/cn-zh/insight-outlook-zhanwang-block-chain-and-energy.[百度学术]

Accenture.The collision between blockchain and energy internet[EB/OL]. [2020-04-17].https://www.accenture.com/cn-zh/insight-outlook-zhanwang-block-chain-and-energy.[百度学术]

56

BACK A,CORALLO M,DASHJR L,et al.Enabling blockchain innovations with pegged sidechains[R/OL]. [2020-04-17].https://blockstream.com/sidechains.pdf.[百度学术]

57

工业互联网产业联盟.工业区块链应用白皮书[R/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://www.aii-alliance.org/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=23&id=491.[百度学术]

Alliance of Industrial Internet.Industrial blockchain application white paper[R/OL]. [2020-04-17].http://www.aii-alliance.org/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=23&id=491.[百度学术]

58

VELNER Y,TEUTSCH J,LUU L.Smart contracts make bitcoin mining pools vulnerable[C]// International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security,April 3-7,2017,Sliema,Republic of Malta.[百度学术]